Bone Marrow Aspiration, Here's What You Need to Know
Bone marrow aspiration is a diagnostic method for viewing bone marrow status to detect a number of blood disorders, such as leukemia or lymphoma.
Bone marrow contains stem cells, which are initial cells before they develop and turn into mature red blood cells, white blood cells and blood platelets (platelets). When blood cells from stem cells mature, blood cells come out of the bone marrow and circulate throughout the body. Bone marrow is taken as a sample to determine the state of stem cells. By analyzing the contents of the bone marrow, various blood disorders can be diagnosed accurately.
Indications for bone marrow aspiration
Bone marrow aspiration (BMP) is performed when a patient has signs of a blood disorder, which can result in a decrease in the number of one or all three blood cells, or even an increase in their number. High and low blood counts can be seen from the symptoms or initial examination of complete blood counts and peripheral blood cell smear.
BMP can also be used to detect infections and spread of cancer in the bone marrow. In addition, BMP treatment is carried out before a bone marrow transplant or stem cells (stem cells).
Some types of diseases that require diagnostic methods as diagnostic methods include:
Warning bone marrow aspiration
In general, bone marrow aspiration (BMP) is a safe procedure for patients. However, bone marrow aspiration can cause complications such as:
There is no specific preparation for patients who will undergo bone marrow aspiration. Let your doctor know if you are using certain medications and if you have allergies. If necessary, the doctor will ask the patient to stop taking the medicine temporarily.
If you are afraid of the procedure, tell your doctor that you can help overcome the fear. If necessary, the doctor can give sedatives to help patients stay calm.
During preparation, the doctor will monitor the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature to ensure he is ready for the procedure.
Bone marrow aspiration procedure
Bone marrow aspiration (BMP) procedures are usually carried out by specialists in internal medicine, particularly hematology and oncology consultants (KHOM). The skin area to be performed by BMP will first be cleansed with an antiseptic, then the patient will be anesthetized under local anesthesia.
After the BMP location is numb, the doctor then pushes a pen-sized needle into the skin and enters the patient's bones. Even if the area is numb, the patient will feel uncomfortable when the needle is squeezed and pulled. The contents of the patient's bone marrow are aspirated with a needle and stored for analysis later by the doctor. After the procedure is complete, the skin is covered with a sterile dressing and kept dry for 48 hours.
The bone area for bone marrow aspiration is usually the back of the pelvis (around the buttocks). Bone marrow aspiration can sometimes also be done in the sternum. In children, bone marrow aspiration is usually done in the shins.
After bone marrow aspiration
The patient may experience pain or tenderness at the bone marrow aspiration site (BMP) for several days. To relieve post-aspiration pain, the patient will receive a painkiller. Patients should also pay attention to the treatment of wounds caused by needle pricking. Wounds caused by bone marrow aspiration must be kept dry for 48 hours to prevent infection. BMP results will be completed in a few days to a week and will be discussed with the doctor at the next meeting.
Indications for bone marrow aspiration
Bone marrow aspiration (BMP) is performed when a patient has signs of a blood disorder, which can result in a decrease in the number of one or all three blood cells, or even an increase in their number. High and low blood counts can be seen from the symptoms or initial examination of complete blood counts and peripheral blood cell smear.
BMP can also be used to detect infections and spread of cancer in the bone marrow. In addition, BMP treatment is carried out before a bone marrow transplant or stem cells (stem cells).
Some types of diseases that require diagnostic methods as diagnostic methods include:
- Aplastic anemia
- Myelodysplasia Syndrome (MDS)
- Mielofibrose
- polycythaemia
- hemochromatosis
- Gaucher's Disease
- amyloidosis
- Blood cancer, such as leukemia or multiple myeloma
- Lymphoma (lymphoma)
- Fungal infections
- Tuberculosis
Warning bone marrow aspiration
In general, bone marrow aspiration (BMP) is a safe procedure for patients. However, bone marrow aspiration can cause complications such as:
- infection
- bleeding
- An allergic reaction to the anesthetic
- Pain in BMP places
There is no specific preparation for patients who will undergo bone marrow aspiration. Let your doctor know if you are using certain medications and if you have allergies. If necessary, the doctor will ask the patient to stop taking the medicine temporarily.
If you are afraid of the procedure, tell your doctor that you can help overcome the fear. If necessary, the doctor can give sedatives to help patients stay calm.
During preparation, the doctor will monitor the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature to ensure he is ready for the procedure.
Bone marrow aspiration procedure
Bone marrow aspiration (BMP) procedures are usually carried out by specialists in internal medicine, particularly hematology and oncology consultants (KHOM). The skin area to be performed by BMP will first be cleansed with an antiseptic, then the patient will be anesthetized under local anesthesia.
After the BMP location is numb, the doctor then pushes a pen-sized needle into the skin and enters the patient's bones. Even if the area is numb, the patient will feel uncomfortable when the needle is squeezed and pulled. The contents of the patient's bone marrow are aspirated with a needle and stored for analysis later by the doctor. After the procedure is complete, the skin is covered with a sterile dressing and kept dry for 48 hours.
The bone area for bone marrow aspiration is usually the back of the pelvis (around the buttocks). Bone marrow aspiration can sometimes also be done in the sternum. In children, bone marrow aspiration is usually done in the shins.
After bone marrow aspiration
The patient may experience pain or tenderness at the bone marrow aspiration site (BMP) for several days. To relieve post-aspiration pain, the patient will receive a painkiller. Patients should also pay attention to the treatment of wounds caused by needle pricking. Wounds caused by bone marrow aspiration must be kept dry for 48 hours to prevent infection. BMP results will be completed in a few days to a week and will be discussed with the doctor at the next meeting.
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