Recognize the causes of maternal death during pregnancy and childbirth

The causes of maternal death during pregnancy and childbirth vary. For pregnant women (pregnant women) to avoid it, tell us what causes and factors can increase the risk of maternal death.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), maternal death is defined as death that occurs during pregnancy or within 42 days after delivery. In Indonesia, maternal mortality rates are still relatively high. According to 2012 data, the maternal mortality rate is quite high at around 359 per 100,000 per birth.
Several causes of maternal death

Here are some of the causes of maternal death that you need to know:
 
1. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH)

In developed countries, postpartum or postpartum hemorrhage is the most common cause of maternal death. Bleeding after childbirth can usually occur within a few days to several weeks after giving birth. Postpartum hemorrhage is characterized by continuous vaginal bleeding. If left unchecked, bleeding after childbirth will cause shock and organ failure.

Bleeding after childbirth can be caused by many factors, including:
  • Uterine muscle that is not contracting (uterine atony).
  • Birth can cause injury, such as an incision in the perineum due to episiotomy.
  • Placental tissue is left in the uterus.
  • Abnormalities in the process of blood clotting.
  • Rupture of the uterus (uterine rupture).

2. Preeclampsia and eclampsia

Pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and eclampsia, can also increase the risk of death during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure, the discovery of protein in the urine and, at an advanced stage, by organic lesions.

Eclampsia occurs when preeclampsia does not receive proper treatment. Eclampsia is preeclampsia accompanied by seizures. This condition is dangerous and must be treated immediately.

The risk of pre-eclampsia is higher for first-time pregnant women, pregnant women under 20 or over 40, overweight, kidney disease or diabetes, have a family history of high blood pressure or twin pregnancy.
 
3. History of certain diseases

Diseases contracted before and during pregnancy can also increase the risk of maternal death during pregnancy. Especially if this condition is not handled properly. The diseases in question include kidney disease, cancer, heart disease, tuberculosis, malaria and HIV / AIDS.
 
4. Sepsis

Sepsis that occurs during pregnancy or after childbirth can result in maternal death. Indeed, sepsis that is not handled properly will continue to be septic shock. In cases of septic shock, the kidneys, liver and lungs can be damaged quickly.

To reduce the risk of maternal death during pregnancy, carry out routine pregnancy checks and as many examinations as possible. In addition, adopt a healthy lifestyle, both before pregnancy, during pregnancy and after childbirth

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