Rubella
German measles or rubella is a viral infection characterized by a red rash on the skin. Although both cause red rashes on the skin, rubella is different from measles. Aside from being caused by a different virus, the effects of measles are generally more severe than rubella.
Although relatively mild, rubella can infect pregnant women, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. These conditions can cause miscarriage or, if the pregnancy continues, the baby may be born deaf, suffer from cataracts or suffer from heart abnormalities.
Therefore, it is important to check the body's resistance to rubella when planning a pregnancy.
Causes of rubella
Rubella is caused by a viral infection that spreads from person to person. A person can get rubella when he inhales a splash of saliva released by the patient during coughing or sneezing. Direct contact with objects that are contaminated with the saliva of the patient also allows a person to experience rubella.
In addition to the above methods, rubella virus can also be transmitted from pregnant women to their fetuses, through the blood.
Symptoms of rubella
Symptoms of rubella appear 2 to 3 weeks after exposure to the virus and can last 1 to 5 days. Symptoms include:
The symptoms of rubella are usually mild, which makes detection difficult. But once a person is infected, the virus spreads throughout the body in five to seven days. The most vulnerable period for transmitting the disease to others occurs from the first day to the fifth day after the onset of the rash.
When to see a doctor
Seek medical attention immediately if the symptoms appear above, especially if you are pregnant.
Although rare, rubella can cause ear infections and swelling of the brain. Therefore, seek medical attention immediately if other symptoms appear in the form of persistent headaches, earaches, and stiff neck.
Rubella diagnosis
The red rash caused by rubella, which is an unimportant pink rash, has similarities with many other skin diseases. To confirm the diagnosis of rubella, the doctor will do a blood test to detect the presence of rubella antibodies.
The presence of anti-rubella antibodies in the blood indicates that a person has or has been infected with rubella. However, the presence of these antibodies can also indicate that the patient has been immunized against rubella.
Rubella treatment
Rubella treatment is sufficient at home because the symptoms are relatively mild. The doctor will prescribe paracetamol, a drug to relieve pain and fever, and will advise the patient to rest well at home, so that the virus is not transmitted to others.
In pregnant women with rubella, the doctor will prescribe an antiviral drug. Although they can reduce symptoms, antivirals do not prevent babies from suffering from congenital rubella syndrome, a disease that causes abnormalities in babies.
Complications of rubella
Rubella is classified as a mild infection and usually only affects one life. However, rubella can have a more serious impact on pregnant women. This condition can cause a pregnant woman to miscarry or cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus.
Congenital rubella syndrome is known to attack more than 80% of babies, ranging from mothers infected with rubella to 12 weeks' gestation. Congenital rubella syndrome is very dangerous because it can cause birth defects such as deafness, cataracts, congenital heart defects, and growth disorders.
Prevention of rubella
Rubella can be prevented by MMR or MRI immunization. In addition to providing protection against rubella, the MMR vaccine can also prevent mumps and measles. Even though the MR vaccine does not protect against mumps. More than 90% of MMR vaccine recipients will be immunized against rubella attacks.
It is recommended to do MMR vaccination twice, at the age of 15 months and at the age of 5 years. For those who have never received an MMR vaccine, this vaccine can be given at any time.
Women planning a pregnancy should have a blood test. If the test results do not show immunity to rubella, an MMR vaccine will be given and at least one month later, pregnancy can occur. This vaccine should not be given during pregnancy.
In case of contact with people with rubella or suspected rubella virus, pregnant women should immediately consult an obstetrician for examination.
Although relatively mild, rubella can infect pregnant women, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. These conditions can cause miscarriage or, if the pregnancy continues, the baby may be born deaf, suffer from cataracts or suffer from heart abnormalities.
Therefore, it is important to check the body's resistance to rubella when planning a pregnancy.
Causes of rubella
Rubella is caused by a viral infection that spreads from person to person. A person can get rubella when he inhales a splash of saliva released by the patient during coughing or sneezing. Direct contact with objects that are contaminated with the saliva of the patient also allows a person to experience rubella.
In addition to the above methods, rubella virus can also be transmitted from pregnant women to their fetuses, through the blood.
Symptoms of rubella
Symptoms of rubella appear 2 to 3 weeks after exposure to the virus and can last 1 to 5 days. Symptoms include:
- The red rash starts on the face and then spreads to the body and legs.
- fever
- Headache
- Colds and nasal congestion.
- No appetite.
- Red eye.
- Joint pain, especially in young women.
- Lumps appear around the ears and neck, due to swollen lymph nodes.
The symptoms of rubella are usually mild, which makes detection difficult. But once a person is infected, the virus spreads throughout the body in five to seven days. The most vulnerable period for transmitting the disease to others occurs from the first day to the fifth day after the onset of the rash.
When to see a doctor
Seek medical attention immediately if the symptoms appear above, especially if you are pregnant.
Although rare, rubella can cause ear infections and swelling of the brain. Therefore, seek medical attention immediately if other symptoms appear in the form of persistent headaches, earaches, and stiff neck.
Rubella diagnosis
The red rash caused by rubella, which is an unimportant pink rash, has similarities with many other skin diseases. To confirm the diagnosis of rubella, the doctor will do a blood test to detect the presence of rubella antibodies.
The presence of anti-rubella antibodies in the blood indicates that a person has or has been infected with rubella. However, the presence of these antibodies can also indicate that the patient has been immunized against rubella.
Rubella treatment
Rubella treatment is sufficient at home because the symptoms are relatively mild. The doctor will prescribe paracetamol, a drug to relieve pain and fever, and will advise the patient to rest well at home, so that the virus is not transmitted to others.
In pregnant women with rubella, the doctor will prescribe an antiviral drug. Although they can reduce symptoms, antivirals do not prevent babies from suffering from congenital rubella syndrome, a disease that causes abnormalities in babies.
Complications of rubella
Rubella is classified as a mild infection and usually only affects one life. However, rubella can have a more serious impact on pregnant women. This condition can cause a pregnant woman to miscarry or cause congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus.
Congenital rubella syndrome is known to attack more than 80% of babies, ranging from mothers infected with rubella to 12 weeks' gestation. Congenital rubella syndrome is very dangerous because it can cause birth defects such as deafness, cataracts, congenital heart defects, and growth disorders.
Prevention of rubella
Rubella can be prevented by MMR or MRI immunization. In addition to providing protection against rubella, the MMR vaccine can also prevent mumps and measles. Even though the MR vaccine does not protect against mumps. More than 90% of MMR vaccine recipients will be immunized against rubella attacks.
It is recommended to do MMR vaccination twice, at the age of 15 months and at the age of 5 years. For those who have never received an MMR vaccine, this vaccine can be given at any time.
Women planning a pregnancy should have a blood test. If the test results do not show immunity to rubella, an MMR vaccine will be given and at least one month later, pregnancy can occur. This vaccine should not be given during pregnancy.
In case of contact with people with rubella or suspected rubella virus, pregnant women should immediately consult an obstetrician for examination.
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