Causes of Stroke

Depending on the cause, there are two types of strokes, namely:

• Ischemic stroke. About 80% of strokes are ischemic strokes. Ischemic stroke occurs when the arteries that carry blood and oxygen to the brain narrow or become blocked, resulting in a significant reduction in blood flow to the brain. This condition is also called ischemia. Ischemic accidents can be divided into 2 types, including:

• Thrombotic strokes are strokes that occur when blood clots form in one of the arteries that feed the brain with blood. The formation of blood clots is caused by fat deposits or plaque that accumulates in the arteries (atherosclerosis) and causes a decrease in blood flow.

• Embolic stroke, which occurs when blood clots form in other parts of the body, usually the heart, are carried into the bloodstream and stored in the brain's blood vessels, causing narrowing of the brain's blood vessels. This type of blood clot is called an embolus. Heart rhythm disorders, namely atrial fibrillation, often cause stroke embolism.

• Hemorrhagic stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and causes bleeding. Bleeding in the brain can be triggered by several conditions that affect blood vessels. These conditions include:

• Uncontrolled hypertension.
• Weakening of the walls of blood vessels (cerebral aneurysms).
• Treatment with anticoagulants (anticoagulants).

There are two types of hemorrhagic strokes, including:

• Intracerebral hemorrhage. In intracerebral hemorrhage, brain blood vessels burst and spread to surrounding brain tissue, thus damaging brain cells.
• Subarachnoid hemorrhage. In subarachnoid hemorrhage, blood vessels near the surface of the brain rupture and dump their contents into the subarachnoid cavity, which is the space between the surface of the brain and the skull bones.

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
AIT has symptoms similar to other types of stroke, but TIA usually only lasts five minutes. This disease is caused by a decrease in blood supply to the brain due to the formation of blood clots that block blood flow to the brain. AIT does not cause permanent damage to brain tissue and the symptoms do not last long. However, contact your doctor immediately to prevent stroke and to control risk factors.
Risk factors for stroke

Several factors can increase the risk of stroke. In addition to stroke, the following risk factors can also increase the risk of heart attack. These factors include:

Health factors, which include:

• Hypertension.
• Diabetes
• High cholesterol
• Obesity.
• Heart disease, such as heart failure, congenital heart disease, heart infections or arrhythmias.
• Sleep apnea.
• Have experienced AIT or heart attack
• Lifestyle factors, which include:
• Smoke.
• Lack of exercise or physical activity
• Use of illegal drugs.
• Alcohol addiction.
• Other factors associated with stroke risk include:
• Heredity If a family member has a stroke, the risk of having a stroke is also higher.
• Age. As we get older, a person has a higher risk of stroke compared to younger people.

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