Improve cognitive function of premature babies through music
Premature babies are babies born less than 37 weeks. Some premature babies can grow healthy and develop as term babies. Others have the potential to experience various disorders in the short and long term. The most common disorders are usually respiratory, heart or brain disorders.
Therefore, premature babies often need treatment in intensive neonatal rooms or UNSI. However, in this room, many sounds caused by assistive devices can interfere with the baby's brain development process.
Music is considered as a way to improve brain development. Research published by the National Academy of Science in the United States found that exposure to music can improve the functional structure of the brain that resembles the baby's brain for months.
This research was conducted using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to observe the brain activity of premature infants. The examination was carried out on three groups of infants, including preterm infants who were given music, premature infants without music and neonates.
This study found that the number of brain connections in babies exposed to music in intensive care rooms increased significantly, including in the brain with a role in sensory function and higher cognitive function.
In premature babies who are not exposed to music, fewer brain connections are formed than full-term babies. Brain connections decline, especially in parts of the brain that play an important role in the learning process, cognitive performance, social relationships, and emotional management.
The formation of brain connections occurs in the womb in term infants, whereas in premature babies this process occurs in the intensive care room. Two different environments influence the ongoing development process.
Excessive stimulation in the intensive care room, such as the sound of doors and clocks, prevents the baby from making connections to the condition of the uterus, where the baby only needs to adapt to the mother's rhythm.
The role of music in premature babies
Music is known to improve visual, motor and hearing functions in children and adults. The formation of important brain connections is more common in individuals who practice music than those who do not.
For a long time, it was believed that music had important benefits for a baby's growth. In premature babies, music stabilizes the heart's work and breathing rate, reduces the number of stopping breathing and bradycardia (slows the heart rate) every day, stimulates weight gain and improves sleep quality.
A study published by the American Academy of Pediatrics has proven it.
His research was conducted on 272 premature infants aged 32 weeks or more with respiratory difficulties, sepsis, or mild pregnancy periods. Babies undergo three interventions every week for two weeks.
Psychological changes and development are assessed before, during and after the intervention and when the intervention has not been carried out. The result is live music or songs that are certified by music therapists and sung by parents that can affect heart and respiratory function.
It was also found that breast behavior and sucking habits increased in babies exposed to music. Not only babies, mothers also enjoy the benefits of this music therapy. By singing songs to their children, mothers will experience a decrease in stress levels, often due to difficulties in caring for premature babies.
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