Know things related to tooth extraction

Tooth extraction involves extracting teeth from the gums. Tooth extraction is usually done on problematic teeth that cannot be repaired anymore.

Tooth extraction is performed by a dentist, patients undergoing anesthesia, usually local anesthesia. If the gum does not obstruct the tooth, extraction can be done without surgery. Whereas if the crown of a tooth is not visible due to a fracture or if it grows laterally by pressing on the tooth next to it (impaction), a tooth extraction operation (odontectomy needs to be done).

 

Tooth extraction indication

Some dental conditions that usually need to be removed are:

• The tooth cavity cannot be repaired anymore.
• Toothpaste accompanied by infections such as gum infections or tooth abscesses.
• The position of the teeth that are not normal can accumulate, uneven or tilted and hurt cheek tissue.
• Dental infection.
• Tooth decay due to serious injury.
• Teeth that are in abnormal tissue, for example in the jaw fracture line.

Tooth extraction warning

Patients with certain conditions must be careful before undergoing tooth extraction. The conditions in question include:

• The tooth to be extracted is in the area that has undergone radiotherapy.
• The tooth to be extracted is close to the malignant tumor tissue. Tooth extraction in this condition can increase the risk of tumor spread.
• Jaw crack condition.
• It has been treated with bisphosphonates, immunosuppressants such as corticosteroids and chemotherapy drugs.
• Suffering from diabetes, liver disease, end-stage kidney disease, lymphoma, blood cancer, high blood pressure, heart rhythm disorders and damage to blood vessels in the brain.
• First quarter and last quarter.
• Fever, nausea or vomiting before pulling teeth. The doctor will schedule a tooth extraction procedure later.

Tooth extraction preparation

The doctor will ask questions about your medical history and medications used. If you use blood thinning medications such as aspirin, your doctor will ask the patient to stop temporarily to avoid bleeding after tooth extraction. The doctor will also ask the patient to do an X-ray dental examination. Keep in mind, you should not smoke before tooth extraction.

The doctor will ensure that the patient's condition is ready to undergo tooth extraction. Patients will receive antibiotics just before tooth extraction if the patient has an infection, a weakened immune system or a tooth extraction procedure is expected to take a long time. If the patient is restless before the procedure, the doctor can give a sedative.

If more than one tooth is extracted or tooth impaction occurs, the doctor can provide general anesthesia so that the patient falls asleep during the procedure.
 

Tooth Extraction

Tooth extraction can be done simply or accompanied by surgery. Simple tooth extraction is done if the crown of the tooth to be removed is visible. If the crown is not visible, for example due to impaction, tooth extraction (odontectomy) can be performed.

The following are the simple tooth extraction procedure steps:

• The dentist will perform local anesthesia with injections into the nerves around the teeth to be extracted. To reduce pain when injected, the doctor can apply anesthetic gel to the area to be injected until it feels numb, 1 to 2 minutes before injection.
• After the patient is anesthetized, the doctor will move the teeth using a lever whose type and size depends on the size and position of the tooth to be extracted. Anesthetic effect is that the patient does not feel pain, but can still feel pressure.
• If the teeth appear loose enough, the doctor will use forceps to extract them.
• In general, bleeding occurs in the dental cavity, after which the patient will receive a lancing compress to stop the bleeding. The doctor can also give a few stitches to the gum in the tooth extraction area.

After tooth extraction

Patients can return home immediately after tooth extraction and home treatment. The recovery process usually takes several days. To help the recovery process, patients are encouraged to do the following:

• Biting the cotton stick attached to the gum where the tooth is extracted to stop bleeding and increase blood clotting. Stick cotton for 3-4 hours.
• Compress the gums with ice immediately after the final tooth extraction, to reduce swelling. Wrap ice with a small towel or put it in a bag. Do not apply ice directly to the gums or skin.
• Take medications prescribed by your doctor, such as painkillers or antibiotics.
• Eat soft foods, like yogurt, puddings, soups or fruits like avocados and bananas. Avoid hard foods until a week after the action.
• Don't use the side of your sore mouth to chew food.
• Do not drink with a straw at least 24 hours after the procedure, because it will inhibit the formation of blood clots in the gums, where the teeth will be removed, and cause pain and bleeding.
• It is recommended to rest 24 hours after the action and not to do tiring activities.
• Avoid gargling during the first 24 hours. After 24 hours, gargle with hot water mixed with half a teaspoon of salt.
• When brushing your teeth, do not touch the gums where the teeth are removed.
• Use a pillow to support the head when lying down.
• Don't smoke because it can slow down the healing process.
• Avoid touching the affected part with the tongue.

Tooth extraction holes usually heal in 1-2 weeks. However, healing of bones and tissue around the teeth takes longer. Call your doctor immediately if you have a fever, the pus is coming out of the hole where the tooth is extracted and it hurts for several hours after tooth extraction. Patients should also consult their doctor immediately if bleeding continues for several hours after the procedure, if the glands are dry or if swallowing is disrupted.
 

Complications of tooth extract

Tooth extractions usually rarely cause complications. Although rare, patients who undergo dental extractions may have the following conditions:

• Bleeding.
• Dry grip or loss of blood clots in tooth extraction holes cause pain and delay healing. This condition can occur 3 to 5 days after tooth extraction.
• Traumatic lesions of the trigeminal nerve. This injury causes numbness in the tongue, lips, chin, gums and teeth. This condition can occur for several weeks or months, or even become permanent if the injury is classified as severe.
• This infection is characterized by high fever, pus from the hole where the teeth are extracted, and persistent pain and swelling.

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