Menopause
Menopause is the natural end of the menstrual cycle, which usually occurs when a woman enters 45 to 55 years of age. A woman is said to have menopause when they don't menstruate anymore, at least 12 months.
Not only the cessation of menstruation, many other changes occur in the body in menopausal women, ranging from physical appearance, psychological, sexual desire, fertility. Menopausal women cannot get pregnant anymore.
These changes can occur gradually or suddenly, and are called menopausal symptoms. The time of this change is called perimenopause, which can take several years before menopause, and usually starts at age 40 or can be faster.
menopause symptoms
Menopausal symptoms occur during perimenopause, which is several months or years before the cessation of menstruation. The duration and severity of symptoms varies from person to person. Symptoms of menopause can:
Changes in the menstrual cycle
The menstruation becomes irregular, sometimes late or earlier than usual.
blood loss during menstruation may be less or more.
Changes in physical appearance
psychological changes
gender change
physical changes
In addition to experiencing various changes above, menopausal women are more at risk of heart disease and osteoporosis.
Causes of menopause
Menopause is a natural process that occurs when a woman ages. With age, the ovary will produce fewer female hormones. As a result, the ovaries no longer release eggs and adopt rules.
However, menopause can also occur earlier, before the age of 40 years. Early menopause can occur as a result of:
menopause diagnosis
A woman is said to experience menopause when menstruation stops for 12 months. Menopause is preceded by the appearance of various changes during perimenopause, called menopausal symptoms.
To confirm further, or when the doctor suspects other causes of menopause, it can be done:
Menopause does not require special care. This manipulation is done only to relieve symptoms, including:
1. Avoid some food / drinks
Spicy foods and hot drinks, caffeine or alcohol can worsen menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes and palpitations, becoming more severe.
2. Wear thin cotton clothing
This method can reduce the perception of hot flashes during perimenopause.
3. Carry out relaxation techniques
Relaxation techniques in question include meditation, breath control, yoga and tai chi. This technique can help reduce stress levels and prevent depression.
4. The use of vaginal lubricants, water based
The aim is to reduce discomfort from vaginal dryness. Do not use vaginal lubrication products that contain glycerin, because the risk is annoying.
To prevent diseases that can occur due to menopause, a woman is advised to lead a healthy life. The trick is to sleep well, exercise regularly, and the implementation of a healthy diet.
The recommended diet is to eat a balanced diet and high fiber intake, such as fruits, vegetables or cereals. Also, limit your intake of fat, sugar and oil. If needed, consumption of calcium and vitamin D to maintain bone health. In addition, avoid alcohol because it can cause insomnia.
menopause treatment by a doctor
When menopause symptoms are very annoying. This therapy is effective in reducing menopausal symptoms. There are two types of hormone replacement therapy for menopause, namely:
Hormone replacement therapy can be given in the form of tablets, creams or gels. However, this therapy is not recommended for women who have breast cancer or are at high risk of developing breast cancer.
In addition to hormone replacement therapy, certain types of drugs can also be given to treat menopausal symptoms, such as:
After 3 months of treatment, patients are advised to see a doctor. After that, a review can be done every year. The purpose of this routine check-up is to ensure the effectiveness of the care given, and monitor the patient's health.
Not only the cessation of menstruation, many other changes occur in the body in menopausal women, ranging from physical appearance, psychological, sexual desire, fertility. Menopausal women cannot get pregnant anymore.
menopause symptoms
Menopausal symptoms occur during perimenopause, which is several months or years before the cessation of menstruation. The duration and severity of symptoms varies from person to person. Symptoms of menopause can:
Changes in the menstrual cycle
The menstruation becomes irregular, sometimes late or earlier than usual.
blood loss during menstruation may be less or more.
Changes in physical appearance
- Hair loss.
- dry skin.
- sagging breasts.
- weight.
psychological changes
- Changes in mood or bad mood.
- Trouble sleeping.
- depression
gender change
- the vagina becomes dry.
- Decreased libido (sex drive).
physical changes
- hot or warm feeling, so you sweat easily. This condition is called flushing.
- Night sweats.
- Dizzy.
- Heart beat.
- recurrent urinary tract infections.
In addition to experiencing various changes above, menopausal women are more at risk of heart disease and osteoporosis.
Causes of menopause
Menopause is a natural process that occurs when a woman ages. With age, the ovary will produce fewer female hormones. As a result, the ovaries no longer release eggs and adopt rules.
However, menopause can also occur earlier, before the age of 40 years. Early menopause can occur as a result of:
- Primary ovarian failure
- This condition is caused by genetic disease or autoimmune disease, which makes the ovaries stop functioning.
- Uterus removal surgery (hysterectomy)
- After hysterectomy, women do not go through menopause directly, but tend to experience menopause earlier. Menopause can occur immediately after hysterectomy when the ovary embankment participates.
- cancer treatment
- Chemotherapy or radiation therapy for uterine cancer can damage the ovaries leading to early menopause.
menopause diagnosis
A woman is said to experience menopause when menstruation stops for 12 months. Menopause is preceded by the appearance of various changes during perimenopause, called menopausal symptoms.
To confirm further, or when the doctor suspects other causes of menopause, it can be done:
- Reviews of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and estrogen
- Menopause occurs when FSH levels increase, while estrogen levels.
- Review of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) and thyroid hormone
- This hormone level is to ensure that the patient does not experience hypothyroidism or decreased thyroid hormone, which can cause symptoms similar to menopause.
Menopause does not require special care. This manipulation is done only to relieve symptoms, including:
1. Avoid some food / drinks
Spicy foods and hot drinks, caffeine or alcohol can worsen menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes and palpitations, becoming more severe.
2. Wear thin cotton clothing
This method can reduce the perception of hot flashes during perimenopause.
3. Carry out relaxation techniques
Relaxation techniques in question include meditation, breath control, yoga and tai chi. This technique can help reduce stress levels and prevent depression.
4. The use of vaginal lubricants, water based
The aim is to reduce discomfort from vaginal dryness. Do not use vaginal lubrication products that contain glycerin, because the risk is annoying.
To prevent diseases that can occur due to menopause, a woman is advised to lead a healthy life. The trick is to sleep well, exercise regularly, and the implementation of a healthy diet.
The recommended diet is to eat a balanced diet and high fiber intake, such as fruits, vegetables or cereals. Also, limit your intake of fat, sugar and oil. If needed, consumption of calcium and vitamin D to maintain bone health. In addition, avoid alcohol because it can cause insomnia.
menopause treatment by a doctor
When menopause symptoms are very annoying. This therapy is effective in reducing menopausal symptoms. There are two types of hormone replacement therapy for menopause, namely:
- estrogenic hormone replacement therapy
- This therapy is given to women who have had a hysterectomy.
- combination therapy (estrogen and progesterone)
- This therapy is given to women who experience menopause naturally.
Hormone replacement therapy can be given in the form of tablets, creams or gels. However, this therapy is not recommended for women who have breast cancer or are at high risk of developing breast cancer.
In addition to hormone replacement therapy, certain types of drugs can also be given to treat menopausal symptoms, such as:
- antidepressant medication
- It is given to treat symptoms of hot flashes and mood disorders, when estrogen pills cannot be given for health reasons.
- gabapentin
- This seizure medication is given to treat night sweats.
- clonidine
- Medication for high blood pressure is given to relieve the symptoms of hot flashes.
- antibiotics
- Antibiotics are given in cases of recurrent urinary tract infections.
- Minoxidil
- Hair care products that contain Minoxidil can be given to deal with hair loss.
- sleeping pills
- Sleeping pills are given to treat insomnia, and must be taken under medical supervision.
After 3 months of treatment, patients are advised to see a doctor. After that, a review can be done every year. The purpose of this routine check-up is to ensure the effectiveness of the care given, and monitor the patient's health.
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