Prostate Cancer
Definition of prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is cancer that occurs in the prostate, a gland located under the bladder in the lower abdomen of men. The prostate is used to produce seminal fluid that feeds spermatozoa. Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men.
Additional explanation
The symptoms
Some of the symptoms that can be found in prostate cancer are:
The cause
Cancer occurs due to mutation (modification) of genes (protein-carrying properties in cells) resulting in abnormal cell multiplication. The cause of gene mutations is unknown. Some factors that increase the risk of prostate cancer are:
age
Race Black men have a greater risk of prostate cancer than other races.
Family history. The risk of prostate cancer can increase if some family members suffer from prostate cancer or breast cancer.
obesity
diagnosis
Early detection of prostate cancer is recommended for men over the age of 50, especially those who have a family history of cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer requires digital rectal examination. The doctor will use gloves and insert the lubricated finger into the anus to examine the prostate. If you detect a suspicious indication, your doctor may suggest other tests, such as:
Prostate cancer treatment is given depending on the type, stage of the cancer and the patient's condition. Some prostate cancer treatments that might be recommended are:
prevention
A good lifestyle can reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Here are a few that a doctor might suggest:
Doctor's information
When to see a doctor?
Seek medical attention immediately if you have symptoms that lead to prostate cancer.
What should be prepared before consulting a doctor
Make an appointment with your doctor if you have disturbing symptoms. If your doctor suspects prostate cancer, you may also be referred to a cancer specialist. When making an appointment, be sure to ask for the necessary preparations in advance, including those that might be related to the indications you are experiencing. So, preparing a list of questions can make your visit more effective. For prostate cancer, here are the basic questions to ask your doctor:
What will the doctor do during the consultation?
The doctor can ask a number of questions and you must provide clear information so that the doctor can diagnose correctly. The following questions can be asked by a doctor:
Prostate cancer is cancer that occurs in the prostate, a gland located under the bladder in the lower abdomen of men. The prostate is used to produce seminal fluid that feeds spermatozoa. Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men.
Additional explanation
The symptoms
Some of the symptoms that can be found in prostate cancer are:
- Difficulty urinating
- There is blood in sperm or urine
- Pain in the hip
- Pain in the bones
- Erectile dysfunction
The cause
Cancer occurs due to mutation (modification) of genes (protein-carrying properties in cells) resulting in abnormal cell multiplication. The cause of gene mutations is unknown. Some factors that increase the risk of prostate cancer are:
age
Race Black men have a greater risk of prostate cancer than other races.
Family history. The risk of prostate cancer can increase if some family members suffer from prostate cancer or breast cancer.
obesity
diagnosis
Early detection of prostate cancer is recommended for men over the age of 50, especially those who have a family history of cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer requires digital rectal examination. The doctor will use gloves and insert the lubricated finger into the anus to examine the prostate. If you detect a suspicious indication, your doctor may suggest other tests, such as:
- Take a test sample (biopsy)
- Take a patient's prostate sample and then test using a special laboratory test to determine the presence of cancer cells
- Radiological examination:
- Generally used to help diagnose and describe the form of cancer and to determine the spread of cancer cells. This step can help doctors determine the stage of the cancer. The doctor may suggest a number of tests such as:
- Bone scintigraphy
- scan
- Computerized tomography (CT)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Positron emission tomography (PET)
- Blood test:
- Blood tests, especially to check the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA), a type of protein whose levels are increased if prostate disorders occur. Assessment of PSA levels can help in diagnosis and supervision
Prostate cancer treatment is given depending on the type, stage of the cancer and the patient's condition. Some prostate cancer treatments that might be recommended are:
- Surgery: If possible, surgery is performed to remove all parts of the tumor or cancer.
- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy drugs spread throughout the patient's body to kill cancer cells that have spread to other parts of the body.
- Radiation therapy: This therapy is useful for killing cancer cells. During radiotherapy, the patient lies down and exposes himself to radiation from a machine that moves around the patient. Radiation is directed to the part of the body that is infected by cancer cells.
- Hormone therapy: This therapy aims to suppress the levels of the hormone testosterone, so that cancer does not develop further.
prevention
A good lifestyle can reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Here are a few that a doctor might suggest:
- Eat more fruits and vegetables
- Eat balanced food
- Exercise regularly
- Maintain ideal body weight
Doctor's information
When to see a doctor?
Seek medical attention immediately if you have symptoms that lead to prostate cancer.
What should be prepared before consulting a doctor
Make an appointment with your doctor if you have disturbing symptoms. If your doctor suspects prostate cancer, you may also be referred to a cancer specialist. When making an appointment, be sure to ask for the necessary preparations in advance, including those that might be related to the indications you are experiencing. So, preparing a list of questions can make your visit more effective. For prostate cancer, here are the basic questions to ask your doctor:
- What are the main causes of my symptoms?
- What type of cancer do I have?
- At what stage of cancer am I entering?
- How does my prostate cancer spread?
- What test do I need?
- What are the treatment options for me?
What will the doctor do during the consultation?
The doctor can ask a number of questions and you must provide clear information so that the doctor can diagnose correctly. The following questions can be asked by a doctor:
- Since when do you have symptoms like this?
- Do the symptoms occur continuously or sometimes?
- How serious are your symptoms?
- What improves your condition?
- What worsens your condition?
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