Replacing Damaged Cells with Stem Cell Transplantation
Stem cells or stem cells are presented as a new method in treating various diseases, such as cancer and degenerative diseases. Behind the great potential of stem cells, this method is still a matter of debate and information has not been generalized.
The main role of stem cells in medicine is transplantation. Stem cell transplantation involves planting stem cells as healthy cells to replace damaged cells and treat certain diseases.
Stem cell type
Every human organ cell has its own role and characteristics. Before becoming adult cells with specific functions, these cells originate from stem cells. These cells will divide to form other cells called daughter cells. Cleavage can occur in the body or in the laboratory. These daughter cells can then be formed into two types, namely new stem cells (the process of self-replication) or cells with special functions (the process of differentiation). Adult cells that already have specific functions, such as brain cells, blood cells, bones, and heart muscle.
Use of stem cells
In general, stem cells are researched and developed for the following medical problems:
Discover the effectiveness and safety of medicines.
By observing the process of the maturity of stem cells in the body's cells, doctors and researchers may be able to understand how a disease manifests itself.
Several sources of stem cells
Where do these cells come from? The stem cells used can come from several sources, namely:
Stem cell transplant method
At present, stem cells have been used for a treatment method, namely bone marrow transplantation. In this method, stem cells are planted to replace cells damaged by disease or chemotherapy. Also as a method against cancer cells, for example in leukemia. Below are two types of transplantation methods commonly used. The type chosen will depend on the needs and results of the doctor's examination.
Autologous stem cell transplantation
It uses stem cells from the patient's own body, which are collected, frozen and stored before the start of treatment, which can cause adverse effects from the patient's natural stem cell lesions.
The advantage of this type of stem cell is that it reduces the risk of rejection when the body receives stem cells and reduces side effects. New blood formation takes place faster. The disadvantage is that cancer cells may not disappear completely, nor can they be transferred to stem cells taken from the body so they can attack when stem cells are reintroduced into the body.
Allogenic stem cell transplantation
This type uses donor stem cells, usually volunteers or family members. Typically, this transplant is used if an autologous transplant fails or to treat aggressive leukemia and lymphoma. The benefits of stem cell transplants are cancer free cells because they have created a new immune system that continues to grow and is able to kill cancer cells. The disadvantages are the risk of greater side effects and slower recovery because the body can reject donor stem cells. Formation of new blood can also take place more slowly.
The method chosen usually depends on the age and condition of the patient's health, the type and severity of the disease, the fact that the patient has siblings and the level of bone marrow damage due to radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
The risk of stem cell transplants
Depending on the type of disease, type of transplant, patient's age and condition, stem cell transplantation involves various risks of side effects and complications that can cause death. Some people may experience a few side effects, while others who have the same type of transplant can experience serious complications. Here are some risks that can occur:
Stem cell transplants must be carried out according to medical procedures at the hospital that provides this service. However, many transplants are not carried out by competent parties, which creates a dangerous risk. The following are some of the characteristics of transplant providers that cannot be trusted:
The main role of stem cells in medicine is transplantation. Stem cell transplantation involves planting stem cells as healthy cells to replace damaged cells and treat certain diseases.
Every human organ cell has its own role and characteristics. Before becoming adult cells with specific functions, these cells originate from stem cells. These cells will divide to form other cells called daughter cells. Cleavage can occur in the body or in the laboratory. These daughter cells can then be formed into two types, namely new stem cells (the process of self-replication) or cells with special functions (the process of differentiation). Adult cells that already have specific functions, such as brain cells, blood cells, bones, and heart muscle.
Use of stem cells
In general, stem cells are researched and developed for the following medical problems:
- To replace cells damaged by various diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, burns and degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Indeed, stem cells can be transplanted to grow in new cells and tissue.
Discover the effectiveness and safety of medicines.
By observing the process of the maturity of stem cells in the body's cells, doctors and researchers may be able to understand how a disease manifests itself.
Several sources of stem cells
Where do these cells come from? The stem cells used can come from several sources, namely:
- Embryonic stem cells
- Perinatal stem cells
- Adult stem cells
- Genetically modified compound multiple cells
Stem cell transplant method
At present, stem cells have been used for a treatment method, namely bone marrow transplantation. In this method, stem cells are planted to replace cells damaged by disease or chemotherapy. Also as a method against cancer cells, for example in leukemia. Below are two types of transplantation methods commonly used. The type chosen will depend on the needs and results of the doctor's examination.
Autologous stem cell transplantation
It uses stem cells from the patient's own body, which are collected, frozen and stored before the start of treatment, which can cause adverse effects from the patient's natural stem cell lesions.
The advantage of this type of stem cell is that it reduces the risk of rejection when the body receives stem cells and reduces side effects. New blood formation takes place faster. The disadvantage is that cancer cells may not disappear completely, nor can they be transferred to stem cells taken from the body so they can attack when stem cells are reintroduced into the body.
Allogenic stem cell transplantation
This type uses donor stem cells, usually volunteers or family members. Typically, this transplant is used if an autologous transplant fails or to treat aggressive leukemia and lymphoma. The benefits of stem cell transplants are cancer free cells because they have created a new immune system that continues to grow and is able to kill cancer cells. The disadvantages are the risk of greater side effects and slower recovery because the body can reject donor stem cells. Formation of new blood can also take place more slowly.
The method chosen usually depends on the age and condition of the patient's health, the type and severity of the disease, the fact that the patient has siblings and the level of bone marrow damage due to radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
The risk of stem cell transplants
Depending on the type of disease, type of transplant, patient's age and condition, stem cell transplantation involves various risks of side effects and complications that can cause death. Some people may experience a few side effects, while others who have the same type of transplant can experience serious complications. Here are some risks that can occur:
- Embryonic stem cell development can become irregular or spontaneously develop into various types of cells.
- Graft versus host disease, which occurs when a patient's immune system views a donor stem cell as a foreign object and rejects it. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, thrush, loss of appetite, organ damage, jaundice are some of the main signs of graft-versus-host disease.
- Infection.
- Infertility.
- The emergence of new cancers.
- cataract
- Stem cell transplant failure.
- Dead
Stem cell transplants must be carried out according to medical procedures at the hospital that provides this service. However, many transplants are not carried out by competent parties, which creates a dangerous risk. The following are some of the characteristics of transplant providers that cannot be trusted:
- The source of stem cells is not clearly documented.
- Show that stem cells can treat all diseases.
- Point out that there is no risk.
- Set high prices. In stem cell transplants that are still part of the experimental treatment method, the price of the procedure must not be too high.
- An explanation of the stages of the procedure is inadequate.
- What are the policies, regulations, and analysis of cell transplants and service providers on your site?
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