Thrombophilia
Thrombophilia is a condition in which the natural process of blood clotting in the body increases. Thrombophilia is often called thick blood disease.
Thrombophilia has no symptoms. However, the formation of blood clots due to excessive clotting can be dangerous. Blood clots can appear in arteries and veins. Arteries are blood vessels that function as channels to drain blood to organs and body tissues, while veins are blood vessels that function as channels to return blood from organs or tissues to the heart.
Blood clots that occur in veins, or commonly known as deep vein thrombosis, are the most common problems encountered. Symptoms that usually appear are swelling and pain in the feet and reddish-looking skin. This condition can cause complications in the form of pulmonary embolism, which occurs when blood clots are released into the pulmonary arteries. Symptoms of pulmonary embolism include chest pain, coughing, shortness of breath, or even loss of consciousness.
Blood clots can also occur in other parts of the body, such as the brain and heart, which cause strokes or heart attacks at a young age. In addition, thrombophilia can cause problems during pregnancy, such as miscarriage or recurrent pre-eclampsia.
Causes of thrombophilia
Thrombophilia is caused by an imbalance of the body's natural substances that play a role in the process of blood clotting, mainly due to genetic factors heredity. Thrombophiles associated with genetic factors have several types, namely:
Besides being caused by hereditary factors, thrombophilia can also be caused or triggered by several other factors, such as:
Diagnosis of thrombophilia
Someone who has a blood clot at the age of 40 should be suspected of thrombophilia. In addition, to diagnose thrombophilia, the doctor can do a blood test, which can be repeated. However, there are certain conditions regarding the time before the test is carried out.
For patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, it often takes several weeks or months after recovery to undergo the test. The same applies to patients taking anticoagulant drugs (such as warfarin), which can only be tested 4 to 6 weeks after the end of their consumption.
When a blood test shows that the patient has thrombophilia done, additional tests are done to get more detailed results. Patients will be asked to consult directly with a blood specialist (hematologist).
Treatment of thrombophilia
Patients with thrombophilia usually do not need treatment. However, doctors need to know what risks can cause increased blood clots. The amount of risk depends on:
The use of drugs is generally intended to overcome thrombophilic complications, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Drugs used to treat excessive blood clots in the body are anticoagulant drugs, such as warfarin or heparin.
Warfarin is an anticoagulant drug that is strongly influenced by food and other medicines. For effective treatment, the doctor will increase or decrease the dose of warfarin according to the results of the INR blood test. The function of INR is to evaluate the timing of a person's blood clotting. Talk to your doctor about the recommended value of INR to avoid further blood clots.
Thrombophilia has no symptoms. However, the formation of blood clots due to excessive clotting can be dangerous. Blood clots can appear in arteries and veins. Arteries are blood vessels that function as channels to drain blood to organs and body tissues, while veins are blood vessels that function as channels to return blood from organs or tissues to the heart.
Blood clots that occur in veins, or commonly known as deep vein thrombosis, are the most common problems encountered. Symptoms that usually appear are swelling and pain in the feet and reddish-looking skin. This condition can cause complications in the form of pulmonary embolism, which occurs when blood clots are released into the pulmonary arteries. Symptoms of pulmonary embolism include chest pain, coughing, shortness of breath, or even loss of consciousness.
Blood clots can also occur in other parts of the body, such as the brain and heart, which cause strokes or heart attacks at a young age. In addition, thrombophilia can cause problems during pregnancy, such as miscarriage or recurrent pre-eclampsia.
Thrombophilia is caused by an imbalance of the body's natural substances that play a role in the process of blood clotting, mainly due to genetic factors heredity. Thrombophiles associated with genetic factors have several types, namely:
- Lack of protein C, protein S or anthrombin III. Protein C, protein S and anthrombin III are natural substances in the body that are anticoagulant or prevent the formation of blood clots. When the amount of this substance decreases, the process of preventing blood clots will also be disrupted. The impact, blood clots will increase. In addition to hereditary factors, this disease can also be caused by diseases, such as kidney disease.
- Prothrombin 20210. Prothrombin is a protein that helps the process of blood clotting. Under these conditions, prothrombin production increases, resulting in excessive freezing.
- Factor V Leiden. Similar to prothrombin 20210, Leiden factor V is also a type of thrombophilia caused by genetic disorders. However, the location of the gene mutation that occurs in factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210 is different.
Besides being caused by hereditary factors, thrombophilia can also be caused or triggered by several other factors, such as:
- Increasing age
- Pregnancy
- Immobilize or not move for a long time
- inflammation
- obesity
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- Sickle cell disease or hemolytic anemia
- Cancer
- Diabetes
- Use of contraceptive pills
- In the process of hormone replacement therapy
Diagnosis of thrombophilia
Someone who has a blood clot at the age of 40 should be suspected of thrombophilia. In addition, to diagnose thrombophilia, the doctor can do a blood test, which can be repeated. However, there are certain conditions regarding the time before the test is carried out.
For patients with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, it often takes several weeks or months after recovery to undergo the test. The same applies to patients taking anticoagulant drugs (such as warfarin), which can only be tested 4 to 6 weeks after the end of their consumption.
When a blood test shows that the patient has thrombophilia done, additional tests are done to get more detailed results. Patients will be asked to consult directly with a blood specialist (hematologist).
Treatment of thrombophilia
Patients with thrombophilia usually do not need treatment. However, doctors need to know what risks can cause increased blood clots. The amount of risk depends on:
- age
- Lifestyle
- History of illness and medication used
- Type of thrombophilia suffered
- Weight
The use of drugs is generally intended to overcome thrombophilic complications, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Drugs used to treat excessive blood clots in the body are anticoagulant drugs, such as warfarin or heparin.
Warfarin is an anticoagulant drug that is strongly influenced by food and other medicines. For effective treatment, the doctor will increase or decrease the dose of warfarin according to the results of the INR blood test. The function of INR is to evaluate the timing of a person's blood clotting. Talk to your doctor about the recommended value of INR to avoid further blood clots.
0 Response to "Thrombophilia"
Post a Comment