Treatment of fractures in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta
Some surgical procedures for the treatment of fractures needed to treat OI cases include:
- Surgery to repair a broken bone
- Surgery to correct deformities, such as curved bones
- Surgery to stabilize the spine, prevent scoliosis
- Surgery to improve hearing bones to improve hearing
Management and treatment of fractures due to OI
Broken bones must be treated immediately, either by casting (splint), splint or splint. Below you will find several actions that can be taken to overcome bone disorders caused by osteogenesis imperfecta.
1. Correction of deformities
In the case of OI, bone deformities can occur due to repeated fractures or abnormal bone formation. One of them is the length of the leg bone which differs between left and right.
This difference in bone length is important to correct. If left unchecked, this condition will cause movement difficulties, lower back pain, the development of scoliosis and the risk of injury. Corrective actions are taken to prevent repeated fractures.
2. Stabilization of the spine
Spinal abnormalities, such as kyphosis or scoliosis, often occur in children with IB. Therefore periodic monitoring is needed. Several ways can be used to help stabilize the spine, including exercise, the use of braces and surgery.
3. Operating procedures
In OI, the same bone can be broken several times. To avoid repeated fractures of the same bone and correct abnormalities, the following two surgical procedures are performed:
Rodding
Metal rods are inserted into the long bones of the arm or leg, as a buffer so that the bones are stronger. It is hoped that by installing this metal rod, bones will break less frequently.
The child's bones are still growing, while the length of the metal rod does not change, so new intervention is needed to adjust the length of the metal to the length of the bone. But now, there are already telescopic cables that can expand with bone extension.
Vertebral fusion for scoliosis
In cases of severe scoliosis, the use of orthopedic equipment to support the spine may not be effective because it actually causes changes in bone shape. In such cases, spinal fusion surgery is performed. The spine is straightened and then connected to each other.
The bones in osteogenesis imperfecta are softer than usual, so the surgical procedure cannot use plates or screws as in ordinary fractures. The use of plaque will actually cause fractures and imperfect repairs. Metal rods, pins and cables are safer to use.
Physiotherapy and sports
Apart from the treatment of fractures, physical therapy and sports play a very important role in the treatment of fractures related to OI. The aim is to maintain bone function and encourage patients to be as independent as possible.
The physical therapy program aims to strengthen muscles and can be started early in life. Often, the overall motor development of people with OI is delayed due to muscle weakness. Through physical therapy, muscles are strengthened. Physical therapy also includes the use of appropriate support, such as wheelchairs, canes or walking aids.
Meanwhile, occupational therapy is important for the development of fine motor skills in children with OI. Recognition and adaptation by using tools are introduced in this therapy, so that they can live their daily lives more independently.
Exercise is important for strengthening muscles and increasing bone density. Swimming and walking are safe sports. Swimming allows freer movement with a low risk of fracture. Walking is a good exercise for those who don't use walking aids.
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