Not Just A Cough Continuously, These Symptoms Of Tuberculosis You Need To Beware Of
Definition of tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, also known as tuberculosis, is a lung disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB causes symptoms of cough that lasts longer (more than 3 weeks), usually sputum and sometimes bleeding.
Tuberculosis bacteria not only attack the lungs, but can also attack bones, intestines, and glands. This disease is transmitted by people who spit TB when they talk, cough or sneeze. This disease is more susceptible to people with low immunity, such as people with HIV.
Symptoms of Tuberculosis Tuberculosis
Symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) that appear may be in the form of:
In addition to attacking the lungs, TB germs can also attack other organs, such as the kidneys, intestines, brain, or gland tuberculosis. Tuberculosis in organs other than the lungs often occurs in people with low immunity, such as people with AIDS.
The following are some examples of symptoms of TB outside the lungs, depending on the organ affected:
Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterial infection of the same name, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These germs or bacteria are spread in the air by splashes of saliva from patients, for example when they are talking, coughing or sneezing. However, TB transmission requires close and long contact with patients, not as easy as the spread of flu.
The longer a person interacts with people with TB, the higher the risk of contracting. For example, family members who live at home with TB sufferers.
In tuberculosis patients who do not cause symptoms (latent tuberculosis), tuberculosis bacteria still exist in the body. Tuberculosis bacteria can become active if a person's immune system is weakened, as in people with AIDS. However, latent TB is not contagious.
As previously reported, TB transmission is not as easy as influenza; You will not get TB if you only shake hands with TB sufferers. However, some groups of people are more likely to contract the disease, namely:
To detect TB, the doctor will first ask for complaints and diseases. Then, the doctor will do a physical examination, including listening to breathing sounds in the lungs using a stethoscope. The doctor will also check for enlarged glands if gland tuberculosis is suspected.
If the patient is suspected of having tuberculosis, the doctor will ask him to do a sputum examination called a smear test. OLT can also be tested using non-sputum specimens for non-pulmonary TB cases.
If the doctor requires more specific results, he will recommend a smear culture test, which also uses sputum samples from patients. BTA culture tests can determine whether effective anti-TB drugs will be used to kill germs. However, this test takes longer.
In addition to the BTA exam, doctors can conduct a series of other tests to support the diagnosis, including:
This disease can be cured and is rarely fatal if the patient follows the doctor's advice. The basic principle of tuberculosis treatment is to obediently take medication during the period recommended by the doctor (at least 6 months).
If you stop taking the medication before the recommended time, your TB may become resistant to the drug that is usually given. If this happens, TB becomes more dangerous and difficult to treat.
Medications taken are a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Like all drugs, anti-TB drugs also have side effects, including:
For patients who have been immunized against this combination of drugs, will undergo treatment with a combination of drugs that is longer and longer. The duration of treatment can reach 18-24 months.
During treatment, people with TB must routinely undergo a sputum examination to monitor their success.
Prevention of Tuberculosis
One step to prevent tuberculosis (TB) is to receive a BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) vaccine. In Indonesia, this vaccine is included in the list of mandatory vaccinations and is given before the age of 2 months. For those who have never received a BCG vaccine, it is recommended to do so if a family member has TB.
Tuberculosis can also be prevented by a simple method of wearing a mask in a crowded place and when interacting with TB sufferers, as well as frequent hand washing.
Even though they have received treatment, during the first few months of treatment (usually 2 months), people with TB can still transmit the disease. If you have TB, the steps below are very helpful in preventing transmission, especially for those who live with you:
Tuberculosis, also known as tuberculosis, is a lung disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB causes symptoms of cough that lasts longer (more than 3 weeks), usually sputum and sometimes bleeding.
Tuberculosis bacteria not only attack the lungs, but can also attack bones, intestines, and glands. This disease is transmitted by people who spit TB when they talk, cough or sneeze. This disease is more susceptible to people with low immunity, such as people with HIV.
Symptoms of Tuberculosis Tuberculosis
Symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) that appear may be in the form of:
- Coughing lasts longer (3 weeks or more), usually with phlegm.
- Remove blood.
- Night sweats.
- Weight loss
- Fever and chills.
- transmission
- Chest pain when breathing or coughing.
- No appetite.
- transmission
In addition to attacking the lungs, TB germs can also attack other organs, such as the kidneys, intestines, brain, or gland tuberculosis. Tuberculosis in organs other than the lungs often occurs in people with low immunity, such as people with AIDS.
The following are some examples of symptoms of TB outside the lungs, depending on the organ affected:
- Swollen lymph glands when exposed to tuberculosis glands.
- Bloody urine in kidney tuberculosis.
- Back pain in spinal tuberculosis.
- Stomach upset if you suffer from intestinal TB.
- Headaches and convulsions when exposed to TB in the brain.
Tuberculosis is caused by a bacterial infection of the same name, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These germs or bacteria are spread in the air by splashes of saliva from patients, for example when they are talking, coughing or sneezing. However, TB transmission requires close and long contact with patients, not as easy as the spread of flu.
The longer a person interacts with people with TB, the higher the risk of contracting. For example, family members who live at home with TB sufferers.
In tuberculosis patients who do not cause symptoms (latent tuberculosis), tuberculosis bacteria still exist in the body. Tuberculosis bacteria can become active if a person's immune system is weakened, as in people with AIDS. However, latent TB is not contagious.
As previously reported, TB transmission is not as easy as influenza; You will not get TB if you only shake hands with TB sufferers. However, some groups of people are more likely to contract the disease, namely:
- People who live in dense and slum areas.
- Medical staff are often associated with people with tuberculosis.
- Parents and children.
- Drug users.
- An alcoholic
- cigarettes
- Patients with advanced kidney failure.
- People with low immunity, such as people with AIDS, diabetes, cancer and people who are malnourished.
- lupus
- Psoriasis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Crohn's disease
To detect TB, the doctor will first ask for complaints and diseases. Then, the doctor will do a physical examination, including listening to breathing sounds in the lungs using a stethoscope. The doctor will also check for enlarged glands if gland tuberculosis is suspected.
If the patient is suspected of having tuberculosis, the doctor will ask him to do a sputum examination called a smear test. OLT can also be tested using non-sputum specimens for non-pulmonary TB cases.
If the doctor requires more specific results, he will recommend a smear culture test, which also uses sputum samples from patients. BTA culture tests can determine whether effective anti-TB drugs will be used to kill germs. However, this test takes longer.
In addition to the BTA exam, doctors can conduct a series of other tests to support the diagnosis, including:
- X-ray photos
- the scanner
- Mantoux skin test or tuberculin skin test
- IGRA blood test (gamma interferon release test).
This disease can be cured and is rarely fatal if the patient follows the doctor's advice. The basic principle of tuberculosis treatment is to obediently take medication during the period recommended by the doctor (at least 6 months).
If you stop taking the medication before the recommended time, your TB may become resistant to the drug that is usually given. If this happens, TB becomes more dangerous and difficult to treat.
Medications taken are a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Like all drugs, anti-TB drugs also have side effects, including:
- The color of the urine becomes reddish
- Decreased effectiveness of contraceptive, injection or implant pills
- Vision loss
- Nerve disorders
- Liver insufficiency
For patients who have been immunized against this combination of drugs, will undergo treatment with a combination of drugs that is longer and longer. The duration of treatment can reach 18-24 months.
During treatment, people with TB must routinely undergo a sputum examination to monitor their success.
Prevention of Tuberculosis
One step to prevent tuberculosis (TB) is to receive a BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) vaccine. In Indonesia, this vaccine is included in the list of mandatory vaccinations and is given before the age of 2 months. For those who have never received a BCG vaccine, it is recommended to do so if a family member has TB.
Tuberculosis can also be prevented by a simple method of wearing a mask in a crowded place and when interacting with TB sufferers, as well as frequent hand washing.
Even though they have received treatment, during the first few months of treatment (usually 2 months), people with TB can still transmit the disease. If you have TB, the steps below are very helpful in preventing transmission, especially for those who live with you:
- Cover your mouth when sneezing, coughing, laughing, or wearing a tissue.
- Don't expel phlegm or spit carelessly.
- Make sure the house has good air circulation, for example by frequently opening doors and windows so that fresh air and sunlight can enter.
- Don't sleep in the same room as someone else until the doctor tells you that your TB is no longer contagious.
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