Blood disorders are diseases that attack one or more parts of the blood and prevent the blood from functioning normally. Blood disorders can be acute or chronic. Most of these conditions are hereditary diseases.Blood contains liquid and solid. The liquid part is called blood plasma. Plasma represents more than half of the blood. Plasma consists of water, protein and salt. While the solid part consists of blood cells consisting of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
Blood disorders will affect the function of parts of the blood, such as disorders of red blood cells that are responsible for carrying oxygen to body tissues, white blood cells that are responsible for fighting infections, platelets help training blood clots and plasma. Treatment of blood disorders depends on the part of blood affected and the severity.
Here are some blood disorders that affect red blood cells:
Malaria is transmitted through the bite of a mosquito infected with a parasite. Parasites that enter human blood infect red blood cells and damage them. Not only does it cause symptoms of fever and cold, damage caused by red blood cells can also damage organs.
This condition occurs when a person has a low red blood cell count. In mild to moderate anemia, symptoms usually do not occur. However, if anemia is felt to be severe enough, the patient will look pale, feel tired and short of breath. Anemia can occur due to excessive bleeding, iron deficiency, or vitamin B12 deficiency.
This condition occurs when the bone marrow does not produce enough blood cells, including red blood cells. To treat this disease, several methods can be used, such as blood transfusions, bone marrow transplants and drugs. Aplastic anemia can be caused by a viral infection, autoimmune disease or side effects from drug use.
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
In this situation, the immune system becomes hyperactive and mistakenly destroys red blood cells, causing anemia. People with autoimmune hemolytic anemia will need drugs that suppress the immune system so that it does not damage cells or tissues.
This condition causes the red blood cells to become sticky and stiff and eventually block the flow of blood. Sickle cell disease is a hereditary disease. People with this disease can have organic lesions and unbearable pain.
This condition occurs when the body produces too many blood cells for no apparent reason. Excess red blood cells can cause blockage of blood flow in some people.
The following blood disorders affect white blood cells.
Leukemia is divided into two types, namely acute and chronic. Leukemia is a form of blood cancer in which white blood cells become malignant and are produced excessively in the bone marrow.
Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that occurs when white blood cells become malignant. White blood cells multiply and release abnormal proteins that can damage organs. This condition must be treated with chemotherapy and / or stem cell transplantation.
This is a form of blood cancer that affects the bone marrow. Myelodysplasia syndrome often develops slowly, but can change suddenly and become serious leukemia. Treatment of this disease can be done with blood transfusions, chemotherapy and stem cell transplants.
This is a blood cancer that develops in the lymphatic system. White blood cells in people with lymphoma become malignant, spread abnormally and multiply uncontrollably. Treatment of this condition is usually done with chemotherapy and / or radiation therapy.
Blood disorders that affect platelets are:
- Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
This is a specific autoimmune disease that affects platelet or platelet counts. Platelets help the process of blood clotting in the event of bleeding. Patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) will bruise or excessive bleeding can cause platelet counts in the lower body. ITP treatment aims to maintain platelet levels in the body and prevent excessive bleeding.
This condition occurs when the platelet count in the body is low. Thrombocytopenia can occur in certain diseases, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), leukemia or immune system disorders. Conditions that can be experienced by adults and children can also occur due to the use of certain drugs. Thrombocytopenia can be managed by drug administration, blood / platelet transfusion or surgery, depending on the underlying health problem.
The following blood disorders affect blood plasma:
Hemophilia is a congenital disorder that can cause abnormal bleeding. This is due to blood plasma that does not contain enough protein, which is important in the process of blood clotting.
Sepsis or blood poisoning is an overreaction of the immune system to fight infections that have spread in the blood. The body releases chemicals into the blood to fight infection, triggering a broad inflammatory response. The resulting symptoms include decreased urination intensity, increased pulse rate, rapid breathing, fever, low blood pressure, and organ failure.
In this condition, the blood becomes easily frozen or clotted. Hypercoagulation can be triggered by many factors, including heredity. Surgery, cancer, pregnancy, smoking or the use of contraceptive pills are other triggers. Hypercoagulation must be treated with anticoagulation.
Conditions that can cause excessive bleeding are usually hereditary diseases. Von Willebrand's disease is caused by a lack of protein or abnormalities in the protein that help the blood clotting process. People with this condition need more time to clot blood, resulting in bleeding that is difficult to stop.
Blood disorders will affect the function of parts of the blood, such as disorders of red blood cells that are responsible for carrying oxygen to body tissues, white blood cells that are responsible for fighting infections, platelets help training blood clots and plasma. Treatment of blood disorders depends on the part of blood affected and the severity.
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