Developmental problems in children with spina bifida and treatment options
Spina bifida is a congenital anomaly in which the formation of spinal nerves is imperfect and will therefore have an impact on the child's developmental stage. There are three types of spina bifida, namely:
- Spina occult bifida, which is characterized by a gap between the spine without pockets in the back. Spina bifida is the lightest type.
- Meningocele is a condition in which the nerve membrane (meninges) is pushed through a gap between the bones, then forms a fluid-filled pouch at the back. In this type are usually not accompanied by nerve damage.
- In this condition, not only meninges are removed, but also fibers from the spinal cord that damage those that cause nerve damage.
Child development problems with spina bifida
Anomalies caused by spina bifida have a significant impact on child development. As a result, various development problems arise. Some problems that may be experienced by children with spina bifida in child development include:
1. Mobility problems
Spina bifida can cause nerve function disorders that regulate the workings of the muscles of the lower limbs, which causes muscle weakness and even paralysis. If the disorder is classified as severe, the child may not be able to walk at all.
2. Orthopedic complications
Nerve disorders that occur in spina bifida not only cause weakness in the muscles of the lower limbs, but also the back. This can cause scoliosis, an imbalance in hip growth, hip dislocation or contracture (shortening) of the muscles.
Children with spina bifida who have mobility problems usually have bones that cannot develop normally. In children with spina bifida who have difficulty standing or walking, long bones are not sufficiently stressed by body weight to delay their development.
3. Defecation and small bowel control problems
In children with myelomeningocele, the nerves that regulate bowel and bladder function do not function properly. Because it is often difficult to regulate feces and urinate.
Therapy is aimed at maximizing the stage of development of children with spina bifida
The severity of developmental problems that occur is very dependent on the severity of neurological disorders. Some treatments can be used to maximize the development of children with spina bifida
In children with myelomeningocele, the nerves that regulate bowel and bladder function do not function properly. Because it is often difficult to regulate feces and urinate.
Therapy is aimed at maximizing the stage of development of children with spina bifida
The severity of developmental problems that occur is very dependent on the severity of neurological disorders. Some treatments can be used to maximize the development of children with spina bifida
1. Management of urination
In children with impaired bladder control function, a temporary urinary catheter is needed, a bladder hole (vesicostomy) or a permanent urinary catheter is needed.
In children with impaired bladder control function, a temporary urinary catheter is needed, a bladder hole (vesicostomy) or a permanent urinary catheter is needed.
2. Management of defecation
If a nervous breakdown includes the spinal cord S2-S4, the function of the sphincter muscles that regulates the opening and closing of the anus can be disrupted. This causes children with myelomeningocele can not feel the sensation of wanting to defecate. Constipation will occur. Programs to deal with this problem include:
If a nervous breakdown includes the spinal cord S2-S4, the function of the sphincter muscles that regulates the opening and closing of the anus can be disrupted. This causes children with myelomeningocele can not feel the sensation of wanting to defecate. Constipation will occur. Programs to deal with this problem include:
- It's time to defecate, which is after breakfast or dinner
- Some can maneuver Valsalva to defecate
- Some children may need the help of parents to remove their feces with their fingers or use suppository medicine (put in the anus)
- Diets high in fiber
3. The use of braces and orthosis
The aim is for the patient to maximize muscle function so that he can walk and participate in activities. Legs or wheelchairs can be used to facilitate mobility.
4. physical therapy
Physiotherapy aims to enable children to achieve their overall motor development goals, for example by helping smaller babies control their heads, older children walking and, if children cannot walk at all, to help children use their wheelchairs smoothly.
Physiotherapy aims to enable children to achieve their overall motor development goals, for example by helping smaller babies control their heads, older children walking and, if children cannot walk at all, to help children use their wheelchairs smoothly.
5. Occupational therapy
Fine motor skills in children with spina bifida can also be disrupted, resulting in difficulties with daily activities. Occupational therapy helps children achieve stable upper body function.
Fine motor skills in children with spina bifida can also be disrupted, resulting in difficulties with daily activities. Occupational therapy helps children achieve stable upper body function.
6. Recreational and sports therapy
The goal of this therapy is to involve children in social interactions, weight control, and improved fitness.
Children with spina bifida do not mean they have to accept the limits. Quality of life and independence can be improved through various therapies.
The goal of this therapy is to involve children in social interactions, weight control, and improved fitness.
Children with spina bifida do not mean they have to accept the limits. Quality of life and independence can be improved through various therapies.
0 Response to "Developmental problems in children with spina bifida and treatment options"
Post a Comment