Hypermagnesemia
Hyperpermagnesemia is a condition that occurs when magnesium levels in the blood are too high. Hypermagnesemia is classified as a rare disease. This usually happens because the kidneys are unable to get rid of excess magnesium in the blood. Therefore the body faces excess magnesium or hyperpermagnesemia.
Symptoms of hypermagnesemia
Symptoms of hypermagnesemia are often not felt when magnesium levels are still slightly above normal. When magnesium levels in the blood increase, the symptoms can be felt as follows:
Causes of hypermagnesemia
Most of the hypermagnesemia is caused by kidney failure. Especially when people with kidney failure take drugs or supplements containing magnesium, such as antacids (containing magnesium hydroxide) or laxatives. Patients with heart disease and digestive disorders may also experience hyperpermagnesemia.
In addition, there are several other conditions that can cause hyperpermagnesemia, including burns, hypothyroidism, Addison's disease, depression or milk alkaline syndrome. Alkaline milk syndrome is a condition characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) due to excessive calcium intake.
Hypermagnesemia diagnosis
During the first stage of diagnosis, the doctor will ask about the patient's health condition, as well as medications and supplements consumed. Then the doctor will do a blood test to check the levels of magnesium in the blood. Normal magnesium levels in the blood are 1.7 to 2.3 mg / dL. If the level exceeds 2.3 mg / dL, the person has hyperpermagnesemia.
Hypermagnesemia treatment
Hypermagnesemia treatment is tailored to the cause. Examples of treatments that can be performed by a doctor:
Prevention of hypermagnesemia
Some precautions for hypermagnesemia include:
In general, healthy people have a very low risk of hyperpermagnesemia. For patients with kidney failure, always discuss with your doctor about the risks and benefits of drugs and supplements that contain magnesium, so it is safe for consumption.
Symptoms of hypermagnesemia are often not felt when magnesium levels are still slightly above normal. When magnesium levels in the blood increase, the symptoms can be felt as follows:
- Headache
- Blushing face.
- Sluggish.
- Diarrhea
- Stunned.
- Passed out.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Can not urinate
- Reflexes become slow.
- Weak or paralyzed muscles.
- Hypotension
- Heart rhythm disorders.
- Respiratory disorders.
Causes of hypermagnesemia
Most of the hypermagnesemia is caused by kidney failure. Especially when people with kidney failure take drugs or supplements containing magnesium, such as antacids (containing magnesium hydroxide) or laxatives. Patients with heart disease and digestive disorders may also experience hyperpermagnesemia.
In addition, there are several other conditions that can cause hyperpermagnesemia, including burns, hypothyroidism, Addison's disease, depression or milk alkaline syndrome. Alkaline milk syndrome is a condition characterized by high levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia) due to excessive calcium intake.
Hypermagnesemia diagnosis
During the first stage of diagnosis, the doctor will ask about the patient's health condition, as well as medications and supplements consumed. Then the doctor will do a blood test to check the levels of magnesium in the blood. Normal magnesium levels in the blood are 1.7 to 2.3 mg / dL. If the level exceeds 2.3 mg / dL, the person has hyperpermagnesemia.
Hypermagnesemia treatment
Hypermagnesemia treatment is tailored to the cause. Examples of treatments that can be performed by a doctor:
- Diuretic medicine. Diuretics aim to increase urine production so that a large amount of magnesium is wasted. Salt infusion can be given to prevent dehydration due to increased urine production. However, keep in mind that this treatment is only for patients whose urine output is still normal and kidney function is always good.
- Calcium gluconate infusion. Intended for people suffering from hyperpermagnemia with respiratory and cardiac disorders. Calcium can neutralize the effects of magnesium.
- Dialysis or dialysis. This type of treatment is for patients with:
- Renal insufficiency.
- Serious heart and nerve problems.
- Severe hyperpermagnemia (> 4 mmol / L).
Prevention of hypermagnesemia
Some precautions for hypermagnesemia include:
- Avoid eating too much magnesium-rich food. In good health, adult men generally have to consume between 400 and 420 mg of magnesium a day. Meanwhile, adult women should consume 310-320 mg per day and pregnant women need higher doses of magnesium.
- Take supplements or medicines containing masgnesium in accordance with the rules of use or the instructions of your doctor. Avoid taking supplements or drugs containing masgnesium, such as antacids and laxatives, outside the dosage recommended by your doctor or listed in the rules of use, because of the risk of increasing magnesium levels in the blood, especially in patients with renal insufficiency.
In general, healthy people have a very low risk of hyperpermagnesemia. For patients with kidney failure, always discuss with your doctor about the risks and benefits of drugs and supplements that contain magnesium, so it is safe for consumption.
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