Perimenopause
Perimenopause is the experience of a woman's transitional period starting at the end (menopause). In perimenopause, some women may experience symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles and hot flashes.
Perimenopause can last 4-10 years before menopause occurs. This condition usually starts at the age of 30-40 years, but can occur before, as a particular disease or even a family history of early menopause.
perimenopause symptoms
When, perimenopause stage, women will experience symptoms due to changes in hormone levels in the body. The main symptom of perimenopause is irregular menstrual cycles. This irregularity of the cycle can:
Menstruation arrives faster or slower
Menstruation lasts longer or shorter
Closer to menopause, menstruation will be less and less, up to several months.
Besides menstrual disorders, other symptoms that can occur in perimenopause are:
When to see a doctor
Some women cannot tolerate the above symptoms, such disturbances in the performance of their daily activities. If you experience quite disturbing perimenopausal symptoms, please consult an obstetrician.
In addition, you should also consult a doctor immediately if the following menstrual disorder symptoms:
Perimenopause causes and risk factors
Perimenopause occurs because estrogen and progesterone decrease with a woman's age, body. This condition can occur in women aged 30-40 years to enter.
Perimenopause is a normal condition experienced by every woman. However, there are several factors that can cause a woman to enter the perimenopause phase faster, namely:
diagnosis of perimenopause
To diagnose if a woman is in perimenopause, the doctor will ask for age, symptoms or perceived changes, and menstrual history.
In addition, the doctor will do a blood test to determine hormone levels in the patient's body. This test must be repeated to see changes in hormone levels during perimenopause.
perimenopause treatment
Perimenopause is a natural condition that cannot be avoided. Therefore, no medication is needed to overcome. However, to relieve the symptoms of perimenopause, the obstetrician may prescribe the following:
hormone replacement medication
The hormone estrogen is the most effective treatment to relieve symptoms of perimenopause, hot flashes and night sweats in particular. Estrogen hormone can be given in various preparations, from pills, patches of the drug to the skin, to gels or creams.
To reduce the risk of cancer due to the use of the hormone estrogen, estrogen replacement therapy can be combined with the hormone progesterone.
vaginal estrogenic medication
To overcome vaginal dryness, estrogen can be directly inserted into the vagina using tablets, rings or vaginal creams. Vaginal Estrogen can also reduce pain during sexual disorders and urinate sexual intercourse during perimenopause.
gabapentin
In addition to treating seizures, gabapentin has been found to reduce hot flashes. Your doctor will prescribe gabapentin to women who cannot be given the hormone estrogen.
antidepressant
Some antidepressants can reduce hot flashes due to perimenopause. This drug is often prescribed for women who cannot take estrogen therapy for health reasons.
In addition to using drugs prescribed by doctors, women who have symptoms of perimenopause can do the following to relieve symptoms:
perimenopause complications
Menopause is a natural process that will be experienced by all women. Some women have symptoms since the time of perimenopause, but are not disturbed. While others may feel very disturbing symptoms and even complications.
There are several diseases that the risk can increase after a woman experiences menopause, including:
Consult your doctor if you have perimenopause. Talk about the risk of diseases that can occur after menopause and how to prevent them.
In addition, you must also be careful when using estrogen hormone replacement therapy to treat symptoms of perimenopause because this drug causes a risk of breast cancer.
Perimenopause can last 4-10 years before menopause occurs. This condition usually starts at the age of 30-40 years, but can occur before, as a particular disease or even a family history of early menopause.
When, perimenopause stage, women will experience symptoms due to changes in hormone levels in the body. The main symptom of perimenopause is irregular menstrual cycles. This irregularity of the cycle can:
Menstruation arrives faster or slower
Menstruation lasts longer or shorter
Closer to menopause, menstruation will be less and less, up to several months.
Besides menstrual disorders, other symptoms that can occur in perimenopause are:
- Hot flashes or coldness or a feeling of warmth that suddenly arises.
- sleep disorders, which can be accompanied by or without night sweats.
- mood changes such as irritability. This condition can cause an increased risk of depression.
- cognitive disorders, such as difficulty concentrating and forgetfulness.
- Headache in early perimenopause.
- Pain during sexual intercourse, due to reduced vaginal fluid lubrication.
- Decreased sexual desire and fertility.
- Bone loss might increase the risk of osteoporosis.
- Changes in cholesterol levels, increase levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and reduce good cholesterol (HDL).
When to see a doctor
Some women cannot tolerate the above symptoms, such disturbances in the performance of their daily activities. If you experience quite disturbing perimenopausal symptoms, please consult an obstetrician.
In addition, you should also consult a doctor immediately if the following menstrual disorder symptoms:
- vaginal bleeding after intercourse.
- Excessive bleeding during menstruation, for example, must change bandages every hour.
- It seems that blood clots during menstruation.
- Spots of blood came out outside the menstrual period.
Perimenopause causes and risk factors
Perimenopause occurs because estrogen and progesterone decrease with a woman's age, body. This condition can occur in women aged 30-40 years to enter.
Perimenopause is a normal condition experienced by every woman. However, there are several factors that can cause a woman to enter the perimenopause phase faster, namely:
- hysterectomy
- offspring
- smoke
- cancer treatment
diagnosis of perimenopause
To diagnose if a woman is in perimenopause, the doctor will ask for age, symptoms or perceived changes, and menstrual history.
In addition, the doctor will do a blood test to determine hormone levels in the patient's body. This test must be repeated to see changes in hormone levels during perimenopause.
perimenopause treatment
Perimenopause is a natural condition that cannot be avoided. Therefore, no medication is needed to overcome. However, to relieve the symptoms of perimenopause, the obstetrician may prescribe the following:
hormone replacement medication
The hormone estrogen is the most effective treatment to relieve symptoms of perimenopause, hot flashes and night sweats in particular. Estrogen hormone can be given in various preparations, from pills, patches of the drug to the skin, to gels or creams.
To reduce the risk of cancer due to the use of the hormone estrogen, estrogen replacement therapy can be combined with the hormone progesterone.
vaginal estrogenic medication
To overcome vaginal dryness, estrogen can be directly inserted into the vagina using tablets, rings or vaginal creams. Vaginal Estrogen can also reduce pain during sexual disorders and urinate sexual intercourse during perimenopause.
gabapentin
In addition to treating seizures, gabapentin has been found to reduce hot flashes. Your doctor will prescribe gabapentin to women who cannot be given the hormone estrogen.
antidepressant
Some antidepressants can reduce hot flashes due to perimenopause. This drug is often prescribed for women who cannot take estrogen therapy for health reasons.
In addition to using drugs prescribed by doctors, women who have symptoms of perimenopause can do the following to relieve symptoms:
- Stop smoking and drinking alcohol.
- Reducing caffeine intake.
- Exercise regularly, but avoid exercising at night.
- Avoid napping if you have symptoms of sleep disturbance.
- Avoid food.
- Do activities that make you calm and relaxed, like yoga or hot shower, especially before going to bed.
perimenopause complications
Menopause is a natural process that will be experienced by all women. Some women have symptoms since the time of perimenopause, but are not disturbed. While others may feel very disturbing symptoms and even complications.
There are several diseases that the risk can increase after a woman experiences menopause, including:
- depression
- osteoporosis
- heart disease
- Alzheimer's disease
Consult your doctor if you have perimenopause. Talk about the risk of diseases that can occur after menopause and how to prevent them.
In addition, you must also be careful when using estrogen hormone replacement therapy to treat symptoms of perimenopause because this drug causes a risk of breast cancer.
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