Protein Deficiency C
Protein C deficiency is a condition where the body lacks protein C. Protein C is naturally thin blood in the body. In conjunction with other proteins in the blood, protein C will regulate the balance of blood clotting, so the blood clotting process can be controlled properly and does not form blood clots. In addition, protein C is also considered a function to prevent inflammation and protect cells against damage (cytoprotective). Protein C is usually found in the blood in an inactive and active state only when needed.
Protein C deficiency will cause the balance of the blood clotting process to be regulated by various disturbed proteins. Lack of protein C causes a person's blood to become easier to clot. blood clots formed due to protein C deficiency often occur in slow flow of blood vessels, namely blood vessels. This condition causes protein C deficiency in patients to be more sensitive to DVT (DVT) disease.
protein type deficit C
There are two types of protein C deficiency, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 protein C deficiency occurs because of a lack of protein C in the blood. Although Protein C deficiency 2 occurs because the activity of protein C is not optimal in the blood clotting system, even though these numbers are quite normal. Type 2 deficiency is less common than type 1.
Protein C causes deficiency
protein C deficiency occurs due to genetic changes or mutations that cause the production and function of protein C is not normal. This genetic mutation can be inherited in families. Therefore, people who have a family history of protein C deficiency are more likely to suffer from this disease. Genetic mutations can also occur by themselves, but are less common than inherited gene mutations.
Usually people who do not have a family history of C deficiency protein, can develop this disease if it has trigger factors, such as:
Protein C Deficiency symptoms
Usually, protein C deficiency does not cause significant symptoms (asymptomatic) to cause blood clots. Symptoms that may be caused by blood clots in the patient's body, include:
The diagnosis of protein C deficiency is usually done with a blood test that includes:
processing protein C deficiency is to respond to blood clots occur. Internal medicine doctor, blood consultant (Khom), can provide anticoagulant drugs, such as:
In anticoagulant drugs In addition, patients who receive can also be given additional protein C to increase protein C in the blood. This supplement from protein C may come from pure protein C as a concentrate, or in combination with other proteins derived from donated blood plasma (type of blood transfusion PFC).
For patients with neonatal purpura, providing protein C is needed immediately. Patients will receive neonatal C purpura protein as protein concentrate C, to increase the protein C content.
After protein C is returned to normal anticoagulants, it can be given to patients to prevent blood clots. If necessary, patients can receive additional protein C back at any time. As a permanent solution, patients can also undergo a liver transplant.
Prevention of protein C deficiency
Protein C deficiency cannot be prevented. However, the risk of developing blood clots can be reduced. Some steps to reduce the risk of blood clots due to protein C deficiency include:
protein type deficit C
There are two types of protein C deficiency, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 protein C deficiency occurs because of a lack of protein C in the blood. Although Protein C deficiency 2 occurs because the activity of protein C is not optimal in the blood clotting system, even though these numbers are quite normal. Type 2 deficiency is less common than type 1.
Protein C causes deficiency
protein C deficiency occurs due to genetic changes or mutations that cause the production and function of protein C is not normal. This genetic mutation can be inherited in families. Therefore, people who have a family history of protein C deficiency are more likely to suffer from this disease. Genetic mutations can also occur by themselves, but are less common than inherited gene mutations.
Usually people who do not have a family history of C deficiency protein, can develop this disease if it has trigger factors, such as:
- Suffers from vitamin K. deficiency
- Suffered from liver failure.
- Has a serious infection.
- Cancer that has spread (metastasis).
- The DIC experiences the state of blood clots that spread throughout the body, as well as bleeding at the same time.
- ongoing chemotherapy.
- The purpose of the transplanted bone marrow cells (stem cells).
Protein C Deficiency symptoms
Usually, protein C deficiency does not cause significant symptoms (asymptomatic) to cause blood clots. Symptoms that may be caused by blood clots in the patient's body, include:
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Also known as deep vein thrombosis, blood clots in the veins in it. If a blood clot occurs in a vein in the leg, it can develop symptoms such as swelling, pain, discoloration and hardening in the blood clotting experience area of the limb.
- pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism occurs when blood clots in the legs are loose and clogging the arteries of the lungs leading to damage to lung tissue. Symptoms of pulmonary embolism may include shortness of breath, chest pain, coughing, fever and headache.
- Thrombophlebitis. Thrombophlebitis occurs when blood clots cause inflammation in blood clots. Symptoms may include swelling, redness, pain and fever in the area of blood clotting.
- Fulminant purpura. Fulminant purpura occurs when blood clots occur in small blood vessels throughout the body, causing blockage of blood flow and tissue death (necrosis). A common symptom of fulminant purpura is dark purple bruises on the skin, in areas that have blocked blood flow. Fulminant purpura usually occurs in children. When it occurs in newborns it is called neonatal purpura.
The diagnosis of protein C deficiency is usually done with a blood test that includes:
- Immunoassay. This test is done to see the content of the amount of protein C in the blood by using specific antibody reactions. In general, babies and toddlers in protein C are lower than adults.
- protein C function test. This test is carried out to check the activity of protein C in the blood.
- Keep in mind that the results of both tests can be changed if the patient takes warfarin to thin the blood. Therefore, patients who will undergo blood tests to detect protein C will be asked to stop taking the medicine for several days.
- C protein detection tests can be done several times to give more accurate results.
processing protein C deficiency is to respond to blood clots occur. Internal medicine doctor, blood consultant (Khom), can provide anticoagulant drugs, such as:
- Heparin
- Enoxaparin.
- Fondaparinux.
- Warfarin
- Rivaroxaban.
In anticoagulant drugs In addition, patients who receive can also be given additional protein C to increase protein C in the blood. This supplement from protein C may come from pure protein C as a concentrate, or in combination with other proteins derived from donated blood plasma (type of blood transfusion PFC).
For patients with neonatal purpura, providing protein C is needed immediately. Patients will receive neonatal C purpura protein as protein concentrate C, to increase the protein C content.
After protein C is returned to normal anticoagulants, it can be given to patients to prevent blood clots. If necessary, patients can receive additional protein C back at any time. As a permanent solution, patients can also undergo a liver transplant.
Prevention of protein C deficiency
Protein C deficiency cannot be prevented. However, the risk of developing blood clots can be reduced. Some steps to reduce the risk of blood clots due to protein C deficiency include:
- diligent year.
- Avoid dehydration by drinking enough water every day.
- Avoid standing or sitting in time
- doctor's medication regularly.
- Using socks (low) is mainly recommended by doctors to prevent blood clots.
- A regular medical check-up, especially if you have a family suffering from protein C deficiency
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