These Twins Are Genetically Engineered to Avoid HIV / AIDS, Are They Successful?
This is a popular step with genetic vaccination. Is this ethical? Is existing technology ready for use for this purpose?
The era of genetic engineering is still not free to do. Legal regulations and scientific ethics need to be made to provide clear boundaries in a genetic engineering experiment.
The latest news comes from He Jiankui's publications in China. He uses the CRISPR-cas9 method in carrying out genetic engineering. The goal, to avoid babies from HIV / AIDS brought about the second time.
In fact, the results of genetic modification have not been found until 2012. Experiments conducted He also drew sharp criticism, ranging from scientific associations to the government. Until now, the controversy from He Jiankui's engineering experiments is still rolling.
Beyond this controversy, is genetic engineering effective in increasing the risk of HIV / AIDS in infants?
The First Baby of Human Genetic Engineering
In that experiment, he claimed to have succeeded in developing genetic engineering that was the first in the world. Lulu and Nana are twins from Mark and Grace.
Mark is a person with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), who has a great chance of inheriting the disease to both people.
Based on video coverage uploaded by The He Lab, Lulu and Nana discussed through in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or IVF. In this experiment, he engineered the DNA structure of the twins from the embryo.
The goal is to publish the genes that are at risk of HIV infection through the CIRSPR-cas9 method. He revealed, the results of the operation were successful as planned.
"This proves that gene surgery is safe, no gene has been altered to prevent HIV infection. They are safe and healthy like other babies, "he said.
He's Experiment Censured for Not Transparent
However, He's experiment drew criticism. The controversy began with the announcement of his work at the International Conference on Genomes in Hong Kong on Monday, November 26, 2018. The highlight did not receive his publication about the start of the genetic engineering research.
His new clinical trial registration was submitted on November 8, 2018. He did submit a confession about this trial. But apparently, his last acknowledgment was the first publication of the experiment.
The Associated Press quoted confidential trial participants. It was also feared that participants would not have complete risks and benefits. In addition, in the participant's agreement, this trial was referred to as the "AIDS vaccine development" program.
He closed the process of this experiment to make some scientists disappointed. Feng Zhang, one of the discoverers of the CRISPR-Cas9 system and a core member of the MIT Broad Institute, United States, said the experiment he carried out was not transparent and disputed with the consensus of the scientific community.
For him, science must be open because of the science of collaborative and communicative communication.
The Chinese Government Opposes the Human Genetic Engineering Project
After the news of the genetic engineering project was rife, the Chinese government declared that He Jiankui's experiment was an act that was against the law and scientific ethics, as quoted by the Associated Press.
Following up on this issue, the Chinese government has also been investigating since November 27, 2018.
Reporting from CTTV State Television, China's Minister of Research and Technology, Xu Nanping, discussed the government issuing projects carried out on humans. "The experiment has damaged morals and ethics which cannot be accepted by academics," he said.
The experiment conducted by He Jiankui became controversial, seeing the fact the application of genetic engineering is still applied to humans.
The National Academy of Science, Engineering and Medicine of the United States in 2017 established that the method of gene modification is justified ethically for the needs of laboratory research.
Beyond that, genetic engineering in humans is still permitted, limited to treating or preventing alternative diseases without other assistance.
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